Chapter 7 Demonstrate the PAN in Linux system

The new model - Network Access Point Group Network

7.1 Demonstration

Software: All machines are installed with Linux Redhat 8.0

Hardware list:- There are two laptops and one PC and three Bluetooth USB adaptors. Sony Pentium III laptop connects with MITSUMI Bluetooth USB adaptor, Acer Pentium II laptop connects with TDK Bluetooth USB adaptor, and PC Pentium IV connects with MITSUMI Bluetooth USB adaptor.

Apache(web server): GN Sony laptop(ENOCHOME) setup as Apache server.

IP assign: For the GN Laptop, inet IP 10.0.0.1 is assigned;

For the Client 1 PC, inet IP 10.0.0.4 is assigned;

For The Client 2 Acer Laptop, inet IP 10.0.0.2 is assigned.

7.2 Master_GN (Sony Laptop)

7.2.1 Terminal dump

(About the explanation configure bridge(br0), please see 6.12)

[root@ENOCHOME root]# brctl addbr br0

[root@ENOCHOME root]# ifconfig br0 10.0.0.1

[root@ENOCHOME root]# brctl setfd br0 0

[root@ENOCHOME root]# brctl stp br0 disable

Explain: initial GN Group Ad-hoc networks, affix_pan.o should be auto-load

[root@ENOCHOME root]# btctl paninit gn bt0

Explain: The bridge port 'pan0' has been created on the GN

[root@ENOCHOME root]# brctl addif br0 pan0

[root@ENOCHOME root]# ifconfig pan0 0.0.0.0

[root@ENOCHOME root]# btctl role allow master

[root@ENOCHOME root]# brctl show

bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces

br0 8000.00a096203e26 no pan0

Explain: check your routes and iptables(use ifconfig, route and iptables -t nat -L):

[root@ENOCHOME root]# ifconfig

br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:A0:96:20:3E:26

inet addr:10.0.0.1 Bcast:10.255.255.255 Mask:255.0.0.0

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:43 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:6105 (5.9 Kb)

bt0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-A0-96-20-3E-26-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00

UP RUNNING MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:28 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:19 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:10

RX bytes:266 (266.0 b) TX bytes:638 (638.0 b)

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:46:4E:0D:94

inetaddr:210.0.165.230

Bcast:210.0.165.255 Mask:255.255.255.192

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:778 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:230 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:100

RX bytes:55951 (54.6 Kb) TX bytes:28530 (27.8 Kb)

Interrupt:9 Base address:0x2000

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

RX packets:72 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:72 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:4682 (4.5 Kb) TX bytes:4682 (4.5 Kb)

pan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:A0:96:20:3E:26

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:20 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:25

RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:3140 (3.0 Kb)

[root@ENOCHOME root]# route

Kernel IP routing table

Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface

210.0.165.192 * 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth0

10.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 br0

127.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo

default 210.0.165.193 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0

[root@ENOCHOME root]# brctl show

bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces

br0 8000.00a096203e26 no pan0

[root@ENOCHOME root]# brctl showmacs br0

port no mac addr is local? ageing timer

1 00:a0:96:20:3e:26 yes 0.00

NAT table

[root@ENOCHOME root]# iptables -t nat -L

Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

Explain: set up Network Address Translation (NAT) for all packets leaving eth0

[root@ENOCHOME root]# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

Explain: enable ip forwarding

[root@ENOCHOME root]# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

Explain: check POSTROUTING enable anywhere mode

[root@ENOCHOME root]# iptables -t nat -L

Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

MASQUERADE all -- anywhere anywhere

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

7.3 Client 1(PC)

7.3.1 Terminal dump

[root@localhost root]# btctl

Affix version: Affix 1.2.6

---->>>> Affix Bluetooth Driver control program <<<<----

For help use "btctl -h"

bt0 00:a0:96:20:40:30

Name: "localhost.localdomain"

Class: 0xB2010C, Computer (Laptop) [Networking,Object Transfer,Audio,Information]

Scan Mode: discoverable, connectable

Security mode: service [-auth, -encrypt]

Packet types: DM1 DH1 DM3 DH3 DM5 DH5 HV1

Connection role: allow switch, remain slave

Baseband:

Manufacture: Cambridge Silicon Radio, id: 10

Features: 1.1 compliant

Buffers:

ACL: 8 x 128 bytes SCO: 8 x 64 bytes

Suported features:

Packet types: 3-slots, 5-slots

Radio features: RSSI, Channel quality driven data rate

Policy: switch, hold mode, sniff mode, park mode

Encryption: supported

Clock modes: slot offset, timing accuracy

Audio: SCO link, HV2, HV3, u-Law log, a-Law log, CVSD,

Power Control: supported

[root@localhost root]# ifconfig

bt0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-A0-96-20-40-30-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00

UP RUNNING MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:21 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:19 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:10

RX bytes:441 (441.0 b) TX bytes:570 (570.0 b)

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

RX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:700 (700.0 b) TX bytes:700 (700.0 b)

Explain: initial PANU client

[root@localhost root]# btctl paninit panu bt0

Explain: assign 10.0.0.4 for pan0

[root@localhost root]# ifconfig pan0 10.0.0.4

[root@localhost root]# ifconfig

bt0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-A0-96-20-40-30-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00

UP RUNNING MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:21 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:19 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:10

RX bytes:441 (441.0 b) TX bytes:570 (570.0 b)

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

RX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:700 (700.0 b) TX bytes:700 (700.0 b)

pan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:A0:96:20:40:30

inet addr:10.0.0.4 Bcast:10.255.255.255 Mask:255.0.0.0

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:25

RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)

Explain: Check route state

[root@localhost root]# route

Kernel IP routing table

Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface

10.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 pan0

127.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo

Explain: need to define default route, 10.0.0.1 is the PAN IP of GN)

[root@localhost root]# route add default gw 10.0.0.1

Explain: Check route state

[root@localhost root]# route

Kernel IP routing table

Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface

10.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 pan0

127.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo

default 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 pan0

Explain: ping other PAN user(i.e. client 2 must finished the above steps)

[root@localhost root]# ping 10.0.0.2

PING 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) from 10.0.0.4 : 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from 10.0.0.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=143 ms

64 bytes from 10.0.0.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=74.2 ms

[1]+ Stopped ping 10.0.0.2

Explain: use telnet command make connect with PAN user

[root@localhost root]# telnet 10.0.0.2

Trying 10.0.0.2...

Connected to 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2).

Escape character is '^]'.

Red Hat Linux release 8.0 (Psyche)

Kernel 2.4.18-14 on an i686

Password:

Last login: Sat Jan 25 23:07:10 from 10.0.0.4

[enoch@localhost enoch]$ ls

affix-1.2.3.tar.gz

[enoch@localhost enoch]$

Explain: Ping outside website

[root@localhost root]# ping www.ouhk.edu.hk

PING sun17a.ouhk.edu.hk (202.40.157.186) from 10.0.0.4 : 56(84) bytes of data.

From 202.64.46.222 icmp_seq=7 Packet filtered

From 202.64.46.222 icmp_seq=9 Packet filtered

From 202.64.46.222 icmp_seq=11 Packet filtered

[2]+ Stopped ping www.ouhk.edu.hk

[root@localhost root]#

Explain: make connect with GN master by using ftp command

[root@localhost root]# ftp 10.0.0.1

Connected to 10.0.0.1.

220 ENOCHOME FTP server (Version wu-2.6.2-8) ready.

504 AUTH GSSAPI not supported.

504 AUTH KERBEROS_V4 not supported.

KERBEROS_V4 rejected as an authentication type

Name (10.0.0.1:root): ct401

331 Password required for ct401.

Password:

230 User ct401 logged in. Access restrictions apply.

Remote system type is UNIX.

Using binary mode to transfer files.

ftp> ls

227 Entering Passive Mode (10,0,0,1,179,140)

150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for directory listing.

total 4744

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 82386 Jan 11 09:57 bluez-bluefw-0.9-1.i386.rpm

-rw------- 1 root root 108144 Jan 11 09:56 bluez-bluefw-0.9.tar.gz

-rw------- 1 root root 166968 Jan 11 09:56 bluez-hcidump-1.5.tar.gz

-rw------- 1 root root 148093 Jan 11 09:56 bluez-hciemu-1.0.tar.gz

-rw------- 1 root root 174004 Jan 11 09:57 bluez-kernel-2.3.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 89716 Jan 11 09:57 bluez-libs-2.3-1.i386.rpm

-rw------- 1 root root 176521 Jan 11 09:57 bluez-libs-2.3.tar.gz

-rw------- 1 root root 29167 Jan 11 09:58 bluez-pan-1.1pre4-1.i386.rpm

-rw------- 1 root root 195113 Jan 11 09:56 bluez-pan-1.1pre4.tar.gz

-rw------- 1 root root 238933 Jan 11 09:58 bluez-sdp-1.0rc2-1.i386.rpm

-rw------- 1 root root 307829 Jan 11 09:58 bluez-sdp-1.0rc3-1.i386.rpm

-rw------- 1 root root 206015 Jan 11 09:57 bluez-sdp-1.0rc3.tar.gz

-rw------- 1 root root 71711 Jan 11 09:58 bluez-utils-2.2-1.i386.rpm

-rw------- 1 root root 244857 Jan 11 09:57 bluez-utils-2.2.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17818 Jan 11 08:45 intro.htm

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 11 08:45 intro_files

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17216 Jan 11 08:44 main.jpg.html

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 11 08:44 main.jpg_files

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17735 Jan 11 08:46 proposedprojects.htm

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 11 08:46 proposedprojects_files

drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Jan 12 13:20 public_html

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18119 Jan 11 08:45 teachingteam.htm

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 11 08:45 teachingteam_files

226 Transfer complete.

ftp>

7.3.2 Screen Capture

-shown it is successful connect to outside and GN’s apache server

Figure 7.3.2-1 Client 1 connect to outside website

Figure 7.3.2-2 Connect to internal GN’s Apache server

7.4 Client 2(Acer Laptop)

7.4.1 Terminal dump

root@localhost root]# btctl

Affix version: Affix 1.2.6

---->>>> Affix Bluetooth Driver control program <<<<----

For help use "btctl -h"

bt0 00:80:98:24:df:6a

Name: "localhost.localdomain"

Class: 0xB2010C, Computer (Laptop) [Networking,Object Transfer,Audio,Information]

Scan Mode: discoverable, connectable

Security mode: service [-auth, -encrypt]

Packet types: DM1 DH1 DM3 DH3 DM5 DH5 HV1

Connection role: allow switch, remain slave

Baseband:

Manufacture: Cambridge Silicon Radio, id: 10

Features: 1.1 compliant

Buffers:

ACL: 8 x 192 bytes

SCO: 8 x 64 bytes

Suported features:

Packet types: 3-slots, 5-slots

Radio features: RSSI, Channel quality driven data rate

Policy: switch, hold mode, sniff mode, park mode

Encryption: supported

Clock modes: slot offset, timing accuracy

Audio: SCO link, HV2, HV3, u-Law log, a-Law log, CVSD, transparent SCO

Power Control: supported

Explain: initial PANU client

[root@localhost root]# btctl paninit panu bt0

Explain: assign pan ip as 10.0.0.2

[root@localhost root]# ifconfig pan0 10.0.0.2

[root@localhost root]# ifconfig

bt0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-80-98-24-DF-6A-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00

UP RUNNING MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:20 errors:24 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:19 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:10

RX bytes:435 (435.0 b) TX bytes:570 (570.0 b)

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

RX packets:39 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:39 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:3537 (3.4 Kb) TX bytes:3537 (3.4 Kb)

pan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:80:98:24:DF:6A

inet addr:10.0.0.2 Bcast:10.255.255.255 Mask:255.0.0.0

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:25

RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)

[root@localhost root]# route

Kernel IP routing table

Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface

10.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 pan0

127.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo

Explain: need to add default route, 10.0.0.1 is the PAN IP of GN)

[root@localhost root]# route add default gw 10.0.0.1

Explain: Check Route state

[root@localhost root]# route

Kernel IP routing table

Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface

10.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 pan0

127.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo

default 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 pan0

Explain: Success ping internal and outside

[root@localhost root]# ping 10.0.0.1

PING 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1) from 10.0.0.2 : 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=30.3 ms

64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=18.6 ms

64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=26.7 ms

[1]+ Stopped ping 10.0.0.1

[root@localhost root]# ping www.ouhk.edu.hk

PING sun17a.ouhk.edu.hk (202.40.157.186) from 10.0.0.2 : 56(84) bytes of data.

From 202.64.46.222 icmp_seq=1 Packet filtered

From 202.64.46.222 icmp_seq=2 Packet filtered

From 202.64.46.222 icmp_seq=3 Packet filtered

[2]+ Stopped ping www.ouhk.edu.hk

Explain: success connect to 10.0.0.1

[root@localhost root]# telnet 10.0.0.1

Trying 10.0.0.1...

Connected to 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1).

Escape character is '^]'.

Red Hat Linux release 8.0 (Psyche)

Kernel 2.4.18-14 on an i686

Password:

Last login: Sat Jan 25 22:16:48 from 10.0.0.4

[ct401@ENOCHOME ct401]$ ls

bluez-bluefw-0.9-1.i386.rpm bluez-utils-2.2-1.i386.rpm

bluez-bluefw-0.9.tar.gz bluez-utils-2.2.tar.gz

bluez-hcidump-1.5.tar.gz intro_files

bluez-hciemu-1.0.tar.gz intro.htm

bluez-kernel-2.3.tar.gz main.jpg_files

bluez-libs-2.3-1.i386.rpm main.jpg.html

bluez-libs-2.3.tar.gz proposedprojects_files

bluez-pan-1.1pre4-1.i386.rpm proposedprojects.htm

bluez-pan-1.1pre4.tar.gz public_html

bluez-sdp-1.0rc2-1.i386.rpm teachingteam_files

bluez-sdp-1.0rc3-1.i386.rpm teachingteam.htm

bluez-sdp-1.0rc3.tar.gz

[ct401@ENOCHOME ct401]$

[root@localhost root]# ftp 10.0.0.1

Connected to 10.0.0.1.

220 ENOCHOME FTP server (Version wu-2.6.2-8) ready.

504 AUTH GSSAPI not supported.

504 AUTH KERBEROS_V4 not supported.

KERBEROS_V4 rejected as an authentication type

Name (10.0.0.1:root): ct401

331 Password required for ct401.

Password:

230 User ct401 logged in. Access restrictions apply.

Remote system type is UNIX.

Using binary mode to transfer files.

ftp> ls

227 Entering Passive Mode (10,0,0,1,85,227)